ZUUyini umdlavuza wesibindi? Yiziphi izimpawu nezindlela zokwelapha?
umdlavuza wesibindi
Umdlavuza wesibindi yizimila eziyingozi eziphuma esithweni sesitho uqobo. Izigameko zesifo ziyahlukahluka ngokwezifunda. Nakuba lesi sifo siyinkinga ebalulekile yezempilo yomphakathi, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni lapho ukutheleleka kwe-Hepatitis B kuvame khona, lesi sifo siwuhlobo olungavamile lomdlavuza emazweni athuthukile lapho ukugoma kusebenza khona. Kuvame kakhulu kwabesilisa kunabesifazane. I-Hepatocellular carcinoma evela ku-hepatocyte, iseli elisebenzayo lesibindi, yakha cishe amaphesenti angama-90 omdlavuza wesibindi. Okusele kuyizimila ezibizwa ngokuthi i-cholangiocarcinoma, ngokuvamile eziphuma emiseleni yenyongo engaphakathi kwesibindi. Izimila ezivame kakhulu esibindini ama-metastases. I-Metastasis ukusabalala komdlavuza usuka kwesinye isitho noma izicubu uye esibindi. Umdlavuza cishe kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba ungasakazekela esibindini.
Izimpawu zomdlavuza wesibindi
Iziguli eziningi ezinomdlavuza wesibindi azikho izimpawu ezinyathelweni zokuqala Ngakho-ke, ngisho noma kungekho zikhalazo, ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezisengozini enkulu njenge-cirrhosis, ukulandelela kubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni kokuqala. Umdlavuza wesibindi ngokuvamile ubangelwa ukuqunjelwa esiswini, isikhumba sibe phuzi, ukulunywa, ubuhlungu obuqala engxenyeni engenhla kwesokudla yesisu bese buphumela emhlane, ukuncipha kwesisindo kungazelelwe, ukungakuthandi ukudla amasonto amaningi, ukuzwa ukugcwala nokuqunjelwa ngemva kwalokho. ukudla naphezu kokudla okuncane kakhulu, umkhuhlane, ukujuluka ebusuku, ukuwohloka okungazelelwe kwempilo jikelele, ukuchama Kuzibonakalisa ngezimpawu ze-jaundice njengokufiphala kombala kanye nendle ephaphathekile. Nakuba iningi lalezi zimpawu ziyizimpawu ezinzima, azihlukanisi izimpawu zomdlavuza wesibindi ngoba zonke zingabangelwa esinye isimo esifana nokutheleleka.
Izimbangela zomdlavuza wesibindi kanye nezici eziyingozi
Nakuba imbangela yomdlavuza wesibindi ingaziwa ngokuqinisekile, kunezifo noma izinto okucatshangwa ukuthi ziyimbangela yalesi sifo futhi zandisa ingozi kakhulu. Ukuba ne-jaundice ngenxa ye-hepatitis B kanye namagciwane e-hepatitis C kanye nokuba umthwali wegciwane yizizathu ezibalulekile eziyisisekelo. Umdlavuza wesibindi ungase ube ngemva kweminyaka eminingi izifo ezinjalo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ungaba nalesi sifo ngaphandle kokukhononda ngamagciwane e-hepatitis, futhi kungaqondwa kuphela ukuthi unaso lesi sifo ngokuhlolwa kwegazi. Isibazi esibangelwa ukuqina kwesibindi (5% weziguli ezinesifo sokusha kwesibindi esisengozini yomdlavuza wesibindi), i-adenoma yesibindi, ezinye izinto ezibangela umdlavuza ezitholakala ekudleni, kwezinye izidakamizwa nasezifweni ze-metabolic ezifana ne-hemachromatosis, ukudla ama-anabolic steroids, isibindi esinamafutha, umlando womndeni wesibindi. umdlavuza, okusanhlamvu Ubuthi obubizwa ngama-aflatoxins akhiqizwa isikhunta esiphilayo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Aspergillus, ukubhema, i-arsenic, ushevu otholakala emanzini okuphuza, isifo sikashukela, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, ukuba nokuzivikela okubuthakathaka nokusebenzisa ezinye izinhlobo zamaphilisi okulawula inzalo, utshwala (1 kuzo zonke izimo ezi-3) umdlavuza wesibindi (i) uvela ngenxa yotshwala) uphakathi kwezimbangela zomdlavuza wesibindi.
Utholwa kanjani umdlavuza wesibindi?
Nakuba ithuba lokusheshe kutholakale umdlavuza wesibindi liphansi kakhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi lesi sifo sibanjwe ngaphambi kokuthi sidlulele ezigabeni ezithuthukile ngokuhlolwa okuvamile, ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezisengozini enkulu. Lesi sifo singatholakala nge-ultrasonography, i-computed tomography kanye ne-magnetic resonance. Ukuhlolwa kwe-alpha-fetoprotein nakho kwenziwa.
Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wesibindi
I-Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) iwumdlavuza wesibindi ovame kakhulu futhi izindlela zokwelashwa ezihlukene ziyatholakala. Indlela yokwelapha iziguli ezizuza kakhulu kuyo ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa. Ukukhipha ingxenye yesibindi ukuze kuqukethe izimila noma ukufakelwa kwesibindi kuyizindlela zokwelapha. Okucatshangelwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ukuthi isibindi esisele sinekhwalithi nobukhulu obanele esigulini. I-Chemotherapy, i-radiotherapy, izindlela lapho isimila sishiswa khona (ukwelashwa kwe-ablation) noma ukwelashwa kwemithi yenuzi ngama-microspheres kungasetshenziswa kumathumba lapho ukuhlinzwa okungafaneleki khona noma ezigulini okucatshangwa ukuthi azikwazi ukwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa okukhulu.