Iyini iGout? Yini Elungele I-Gout?

I-Gout , eyaziwa nangokuthi isifo samakhosi noma isifo sabacebile, isifo esibi kakhulu se-rheumatic esaholela ekufeni kwama-sultan. Nakuba i-gout, ebizwa nangokuthi isifo se-gout, isesigabeni sezifo ze-rheumatic, ingabhekwa njengesifo se-metabolic. Lesi sifo, esivame kakhulu kwabesilisa, singaba nomthelela omubi emsebenzini womuntu kanye nempilo yenhlalo.

I-Gout igama elisetshenziselwa ukubhekisela ezimweni ezihlukahlukene ezibonakala ngokunqwabelana kwe-uric acid. Lokhu kunqwabelana kuvame ukwenzeka ezinyaweni zomuntu. Abantu abane-gout bangase bezwe i-edema nobuhlungu emalungeni onyawo. Uzwane ungelinye lamalunga athinteka kakhulu yilesi sifo. Ukuhlaselwa yi-gout kubangela ubuhlungu obungazelelwe futhi obubukhali futhi abantu bangase bazizwe sengathi izinyawo zabo ziyasha. Nakuba izimpawu ze-gout zingezesikhashana, kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokulawula izimpawu.

Iyini iGout?

I-Gout, isifo esingelapheki (isikhathi eside) kanye nokuvuvukala kwamalunga okuvamile, isifo esibonakala ngokunqwabelana kwamakristalu e-monohydrate okuthiwa i-monosodium urate ezicutshini. I-Gout, umlando wayo usuka ezikhathini zasendulo, isifo se-rheumatological esiye sacwaningwa ngokuningiliziwe futhi singalawulwa.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, udoti osemzimbeni, ikakhulukazi udoti wamaprotheni, uguqulwa ube yi-uric acid futhi ukhishwe emzimbeni. Izinkinga ekukhipheni i-uric acid noma ukukhiqiza okuningi kwalezi zinto kungase kubangele ukunqwabelana egazini nasemzimbeni. Uma inani le-uric acid egazini lidlula elijwayelekile, libizwa nge-hyperuricemia. Lesi simo singadlulela ku-gout ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi sibangele ukuvuvukala kwamalunga okubuhlungu kakhulu.

I-Hyperuricemia nayo idala umchamo negazi ukuthi kube ne-asidi kakhulu. Enye inyama, iziphuzo ezidakayo njengobhiya, ama-geraniums nezilimo eziyizigaxa omisiwe ziphakathi kokudla okune-uric acid ephezulu. Ngaphandle kokudla, izici zofuzo, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, nokucindezeleka ngezinye zezinto ezihlobene nokwanda kwamazinga e-uric acid egazini.

I-Uric acid, etholakala ngamanani eqile egazini, ivuza ezikhaleni zezicubu bese inqwabelana ezinhlakeni ezihlangene nezizungezile. Ukuqoqwa kwamalunga kungabangela ukuvuvukala kulezi zindawo, okuholela ekwandeni koketshezi emalungeni, imingcele yokunyakaza kanye nobuhlungu. Lesi sifo, esithinta ikakhulukazi uzwane olukhulu namalunga amadolo, sibizwa ngokuthi i-gout. Kwesinye isikhathi i-uric acid inganqwabelana ezinso. Kufanele kuqashelwe ngoba lokhu kungase kubangele ukwakheka kwamatshe ezinso.

Yiziphi Izigaba Zesifo Se-Gout?

Isifo se-gout siqhubeka ngezigaba ezi-4: ukuhlasela okunamandla, isikhathi esibucayi, i-gout engapheli kanye ne-tophus gout.

• I-Acute Attack: Yisigaba sesifo esiqala ngokuzumayo ejoyintini futhi sithathe izinsuku ezingu-5-10. Ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu besikhathi esifushane kubonakala emalungeni.

• I-Intercritical Period: Lesi yisigaba lapho izikhalazo zesiguli zinyamalala ngokuphelele. Nokho, ukuhlaselwa okunzima kungase kuphinde kwenzeke ngokushesha ngemva kwalesi sigaba.
• I-Gout Engapheli: Uma isikhathi esiphakathi kokuhlaselwa sifinyela kancane kancane futhi singelashwa, ukuvuvukala unomphela, ubuhlungu kanye nomkhawulo wokunyakaza kungase kwenzeke kwelinye noma ngaphezulu.
• I-Tophus Gout: Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, i-uric acid inqwabelana ngokweqile emalungeni nasezicutshini ezizungezile futhi yakhe ukuvuvukala okubizwa ngokuthi i-tophi. I-tophi ivela ikakhulukazi kuzwane omkhulu, ithambo le-metatarsal, phezulu kweminwe naseduze nezindololwane.

Yiziphi izimpawu ze-gout?

Njengomphumela wokuqoqwa kwe-acid ions emzimbeni ekuseni, ukuvuvukala kwenzeka emalungeni futhi kwenzeka ubuhlungu obukhulu. Eqinisweni, ubuhlungu bukhulu kangangokuthi isiguli sivuka ebuthongweni. I-Gout yisifo esibangelwa ukunqwabelana kwe-uric acid ezinsweni Ngaphezu kwezimpawu ezifana negazi emchamweni nasematsheni, kungase kuzwakale ubuhlungu besisu nesingezansi. Ubuhlungu buba obungapheli futhi i-uric acid enqwabelene emalungeni ingabangela ukuvuvukala okungapheli kwamalunga futhi kubangele ukubola.

I-gout ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengokuvuvukala kwamalunga (arthritis). Ukuqala kokuhlaselwa kungazelelwe futhi kubuhlungu. Izimpawu ezihlukahlukene zingase zenzeke endaweni ehlangene ethintekile, okuhlanganisa ukuvutha, ukuqina, nokuvuvukala. Izimpawu ze-gout zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kungase kulandele ngisho nenkambo ye-asymptomatic kwabanye abantu. Yize laba bantu kutholakala ukuthi bane-uric acid enyukile egazini, azikho izikhalo nge-gout. Izimpawu ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa zibizwa nge-acute gout. Ubuhlungu, ububomvu kanye ne-edema yizimpawu eziyinhloko zokuhlasela kwe-gout. Ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuhlaselwa okuqala ebusuku, abantu bangase bavuke ebuthongweni ngenxa yezimpawu. Ngisho nokuxhumana okuncane kakhulu endaweni ethintekile kungabangela izikhalazo ezingabekezeleleki. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kunomkhawulo ekunyakazeni kwelunga elithintekile.

Izikhalazo ezenzeka ekuhlaselweni kwe-gout acute ngokuvamile zenzeka endaweni eyodwa. Uzwane olukhulu luyindawo ehlangene ethinteka kakhulu. Nakuba ubude bezikhalazo buvame ukuhluka phakathi kwamahora angu-12-24, kukhona futhi izimo ezinzima ze-gout lapho izimpawu ziqhubeka khona izinsuku ezingu-10. Iziguli ziqhubeka nempilo yazo ngaphandle kokukhononda phakathi nesikhathi esiphakathi kokuhlaselwa yi-gout acute.

Ukuhlaselwa okuphindaphindiwe kwe-gout eyingozi kungabangela ukulimala okungapheli emalungeni. Ngaphandle kobuhlungu obuhlangene, izimpawu ezinjengokuvuvukala, ubomvu, i-edema kanye nezinkinga zokuhamba zithuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuyilapho izimpawu ezifana nokuxebuka nokuluma kwesikhumba sendawo ethintekile kungase kwenzeke. Kulesi sifo, esingathinta amanye amalunga omzimba ngaphandle kukazwane omkhulu, amalunga esihlakala, iminwe, indololwane, isithende kanye nengxenye engenhla yonyawo kuphakathi kwezinye izindawo ezingase zihlaselwe yi-gout.

Uma ukuhlaselwa yi-gout kwenzeka kaningi kunokuvamile, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isifo esingelapheki. Ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe njengoba ukuhlaselwa yi-gout okungapheli kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo uma kungelashwa ngendlela efanele. Ezigulini ze-gout ezingapheli, ubuhlungu bungase buhlale njalo, futhi kulokhu, izinga lokulala lomuntu lithinteka kabi. Izinkinga ezinjengokukhathala, ukwanda kokucindezeleka nokushintsha kwemizwelo kungase kwenzeke ngenxa yokuqwasha. Ngaphandle kwekhwalithi yokulala, ukuhamba, ukwenza umsebenzi wasendlini, neminye imisebenzi evamile yansuku zonke nakho kungathinteka kabi.

I-Tophi isikhalo se-gout esingapheli esibonakala ngokunqwabelana kwamakristalu e-uric acid ngaphansi kwesikhumba. I-Tophus, engenzeka ezandleni, ezinyaweni, ezihlakaleni nasezindlebeni, ibonakala njengokuvuvukala okuqinile okungaphansi kwesikhumba okungenabuhlungu kodwa okuvuvukalayo futhi kube ne-edema ngesikhathi sokuhlasela. Njengoba i-tophus iqhubeka ikhula, ingalimaza isikhumba esizungezile kanye nezicubu ezihlangene. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele njengoba ukukhubazeka kwamalunga kungase kwenzeke njengoba lesi simo siqhubeka.

I-Uric acid, etholakala ngamanani aphezulu egazini, inganqwabelana emaphashini nasezinso. Ngaphandle kwalesi simo esingavamile kakhulu, kunconywa ukuba uqaphele njengoba izinkinga zempilo ezahlukene ezifana ne-cataract kanye nesifo samehlo esomile kungenzeka ezigulini ze-gout ezingapheli.

Ibangelwa Yini I-Gout?

Isizathu esibaluleke kakhulu se-gout ukukhiqizwa komzimba ngokweqile kwe-uric acid noma ukungakwazi ukukhipha i-uric acid ekhiqizwayo ngezinso. Imikhuba yokudla okungenampilo, ukuphuza ngokweqile, izifo ezingazelelwe nezinzima, ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa okunhlobonhlobo, ukuhlukumezeka kwamalunga, ukuhlinzwa nesifo sezinso kungezinye zezimo ezingadala ukwanda kwe-uric acid egazini. Ukukhula kweminyaka kungase kwenyuse ingozi yokuba ne-gout. I-Gout yisifo esingase sihlasele emindenini kwabanye abantu. Inqwaba yezakhi zofuzo ezihlukene, ikakhulukazi i-SLC2A9 kanye ne-ABCG2 yofuzo, ingase ibe sengozini ye-gout. Izakhi zofuzo ezihambisana ne-gout zihlotshaniswa ne-uric acid metabolism.

Kuyamukelwa ukuthi izici zofuzo zingase ziphumelele ekubunjweni kwe-gout, futhi ngaphezu kwezici zomndeni, ezinye izifo zingase zibe nomphumela wokusiza. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, isifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye ne-cholesterol ephezulu kungezinye zezifo lapho ingozi ye-gout iphezulu kakhulu ezigulini.

Phakathi kwezinye izinkinga, ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwe-uric acid emzimbeni kungenzeka. Lesi simo, esihlotshaniswa nemisebenzi ye-enzyme engavamile, ngokuvamile ivela ezimweni ezifana ne-lymphoma, i-leukemia, i-hemolytic anemia kanye ne-psoriasis. Ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwe-uric acid kungase kwenzeke njengemiphumela engemihle ngemva kokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kanye ne-radiotherapy esetshenziswa ekwelapheni iziguli ezinomdlavuza.

Sitholakala Kanjani Isifo Se-Gout?

Ukutholwa kwamakristalu e-monosodium urate ku-synovial fluid (uketshezi endaweni ehlanganyelwe) kuyindlela yokuhlola evamile yegolide ye-gout. Kulokhu kuhlolwa, odokotela bathatha isampula eliwuketshezi endaweni ehlangene ethintekile ngenaliti encane. I-Synovial fluid iba phuzi futhi ibe namafu ngesikhathi sokuqubuka kwe-gout. Ukuhlola okuncane kakhulu kwalolu ketshezi, oluqukethe amakristalu namangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, luhlukanisa nokuvuvukala kwamalunga okubangelwa izici ezincane.

Ucwaningo oluhlukahlukene lwaselabhorethri lungasetshenziswa futhi endleleni yokuxilonga ye-gout. Nakuba izimpawu ze-biochemical ezifana nokubala kwamangqamuzana egazi amhlophe, izinga le-erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR) kanye ne-c-reactive protein (CRP) ziwusizo ku-gout eyingozi, akufanele kukhohlakale ukuthi aziqondile ngalesi sifo. Nakuba ukulinganisa izinga le-uric acid ngokuhlolwa kwegazi kuwukuhlola okubaluleke kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi kungaholela ekuphambukeni. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi nakuba abanye abantu benezinga eliphezulu le-uric acid egazini kodwa bengenazo izimpawu ze-gout, abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ze-gout nakuba amazinga e-uric acid egazini labo ephansi. Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, nakuba ukulinganiswa kwezinga le-uric acid egazini kuphela kungabhekwa njengokwanele ekuxilongweni kwe-gout, kungasetshenziswa ukuhlola inkambo ye-gout kwezinye iziguli.

Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwe-biochemical, izifundo ezihlukahlukene ze-imaging zingasetshenziswa ukuxilonga i-gout. Nakuba ingenziwanga njalo, i-ultrasound ingathola amakristalu anqwabelene endaweni yoqwanga. Ama-X-ray radiographs aphakathi kwamathuluzi okuxilonga nge-radiological angaba wusizo ekuhlukaniseni i-gout kwezinye izifo ezihlangene.

Selashwa Kanjani Isifo Se-Gout?

Ku-gout, izindlela zokwelashwa ezihlukene zisetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa okunamandla nasezinkathini eziphakathi kokuhlaselwa. Nakuba izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala zisetshenziswa ezikhathini ezinzima lapho ubuhlungu bukhulu, izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa ekwelapheni izidakamizwa zingashintshwa ngodokotela kuye ngokuthi isifo sinjani. Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala, i-colchicine noma i-corticosteroids ziphakathi kwezidakamizwa ezingasetshenziswa ekwelapheni i-gout, kuye ngesimo somuntu. Imithi equkethe isithako esisebenzayo i-colchicine imithi elwa nokuvuvukala ebhekwa njengephumelelayo ekulawuleni ubuhlungu obubangelwa i-gout.

Kwezinye iziguli, i-gout flares ingaba nenkambo enzima kakhulu futhi engapheli. Ukuze uvimbele amatshe ezinso, i-tophus noma ezinye izinkinga ezihlobene ne-gout ezingase zenzeke kulaba bantu, imithi enciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-uric acid emzimbeni noma ukwandisa ukuphuma kwe-uric acid emchameni ingasetshenziswa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zidakamizwa, ezingase zidale imiphumela engemihle efana nomkhuhlane, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukuvuvukala kwesibindi noma izinkinga zezinso, kwenziwe ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela.

Njengoba ukuvivinya umzimba kungase kwandise ubukhulu bokuhlaselwa, iziguli zinconywa ukuba ziphumule ngesikhathi esibucayi. Ukwelashwa kokudla kudlala indima ebalulekile njengomuthi ku-gout. Ukuze ukwelashwa kwe-gout, iziguli zinconywa ukuba zilandele ukudla okukhethekile okulungiselelwe udokotela wezokudla, zidle amanzi amaningi futhi zithuthukise izinga lempilo yazo ngezinhlelo zokuzivocavoca okulula.

I-Gout Disease Diet

Ukulungiselela uhlelo lomuntu siqu lokudla okunomsoco olufanele i-gout kungenye yezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ezingathathwa ukuze kuncishiswe inani lokukhula. Lokhu kudla kuhloswe ukunciphisa izinga le-uric acid egazini libe semingcele evamile.

Ukukhawulela noma ukunqamula ngokuphelele ukuphuza utshwala, ikakhulukazi ukuphuza ubhiya, kuwushintsho olubalulekile lwendlela yokuphila ekuthuthukiseni izimpawu zegout. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa koketshezi, ukukhetha imikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha aphansi, ukugwema ukusetshenziswa kwenyama yezitho noma izinhlanzi ezincane ezinamafutha ezinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-purine, ukukhetha okusanhlamvu njengomthombo wamaprotheni, nokudla imikhiqizo kakolweni noma imifino emisha nezithelo zokusetshenziswa kwe-carbohydrate kufakiwe. ohlelweni lokudla Kuphakathi kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingenzeka.

Ukudla okunokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-purine ekudleni kuchazwa njengokudla okuqukethe ngaphansi kwama-milligrams angu-100 we-purine ngamagremu angu-100. Zonke izithelo ziphakathi kokudla okungekho nkinga ye-gout. Izithelo ze-cherry zingakwazi ukusekela imisebenzi evamile yomzimba ekuvimbeleni ukuhlaselwa yi-gout ngenxa yegalelo layo emazingeni e-uric acid kanye namazinga okuvuvukala. Yonke imikhiqizo yemifino, okuhlanganisa amazambane, uphizi, amakhowe, ama-eggplant kanye nemifino enamaqabunga aluhlaza, iphakathi kokudla okungadliwa iziguli ze-gout. Ngaphezu kwezithelo nemifino, amaqanda, imikhiqizo yobisi, amantongomane, ikhofi, itiye netiye eliluhlaza, izinongo namafutha emifino kuwukudla okungafakwa ohlelweni lokudla okunempilo kweziguli ze-gout.

Ukunciphisa Isisindo Somzimba

Isisindo esiningi singaba yingozi yokuhlaselwa yi-gout. Ukumelana ne-insulin, okwenzeka ikakhulukazi kubantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile, yisimo esithathwa njengesihlotshaniswa namazinga aphezulu e-uric acid egazini. Ngokuncipha kwesisindo, abantu bangakwazi kokubili ukwephula ukumelana nehomoni ye-insulin futhi babe negalelo ekwehliseni amazinga e-uric acid.

Into okufanele iziguli ze-gout ziyinake uma kuziwa ekunciphiseni isisindo yijubane lokulahlekelwa isisindo. Ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe njengoba ukwehla kwesisindo esisheshayo ekudleni okunekhalori ephansi kakhulu kungase kwandise ingozi yokuhlaselwa yi-gout.

Ukuzivocavoca

Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kungomunye umkhuba ongenziwa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuhlasela kwe-gout futhi kungaba nomthelela ekwehliseni amazinga e-uric acid.

Ukusebenzisa Uketshezi Okwanele

Ukuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okwanele koketshezi nsuku zonke kunganciphisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yi-gout. Ngokuphuza uketshezi, ukuphuma kwe-uric acid eyengeziwe egazini ezinso kuya kuba lula futhi kukhishwe ngomchamo. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-fluid yindaba okungafanele ishaywe indiva, ikakhulukazi ngabantu abazivocavoca njalo, abalahlekelwa wuketshezi oluphuma emzimbeni ngenxa yokujuluka.

Ukukhawulela Ukusetshenziswa Kotshwala

Utshwala buyimbangela eyaziwayo ye-gout. Isizathu salesi simo ukuthi umzimba ukubeka phambili ukuchithwa kotshwala kunokukhipha i-uric acid eningi emzimbeni ngokuphuza utshwala. Ngakho-ke, kuba lula ukuthi i-uric acid, ehlala enamanani aphezulu ngemva kokuphuza utshwala, iqongelela futhi iphenduke ifomu le-crystal.

Ukudla, ukuvivinya umzimba kanye nezinye izinguquko zokuphila kuphumelela kakhulu ekwelapheni i-gout nezinye izimo zezempilo ezibangelwa i-uric acid ephezulu. Kwabanye abantu, ukwelashwa kungase kudingeke ngaphezu kokushintsha indlela yokuphila. Ukunamathela ngokuqinile emithini enqunywe odokotela kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokwelashwa.

Uma ubona izimpawu ze-gout, okuwuhlobo lokuvuvukala okuhlangene, kuwe noma kulabo abaseduze nawe, kunconywa ukuthi uxhumane nezikhungo zezempilo futhi uthole usizo odokotela abangochwepheshe mayelana nokwelashwa okufanele kanye nezinguquko zokuphila.

Sikufisela izinsuku ezinempilo.