Siyini Isifo sokuwa? Yiziphi izimpawu zesithuthwane?

Isifo sokuwa sidume ngokuthi yisifo sokuwa. Esithuthwaneni, ukukhishwa okungazelelwe nokungalawuleki kwenzeka kuma-neuron ebuchosheni. Ngenxa yalokho, ukufinyela okungenakuzikhethela, izinguquko zezinzwa kanye nezinguquko zokuqaphela kwenzeka esigulini. Isifo sokuwa yisifo esibangela ukuquleka. Isiguli sinempilo phakathi kokuquleka. Isiguli esiba nokuquleka okukodwa kuphela ekuphileni kwaso asibhekwa njengesifo sokuwa.

Isifo sokuwa yisifo esingelapheki (sesikhathi eside), esaziwa nangokuthi isithuthwane. Esithuthwaneni, ukukhishwa okungazelelwe nokungalawuleki kwenzeka kuma-neuron ebuchosheni. Ngenxa yalokho, ukufinyela okungenakuzikhethela, izinguquko zezinzwa kanye nezinguquko zokuqaphela kwenzeka esigulini. Isifo sokuwa yisifo esidala ukuquleka. Isiguli sinempilo phakathi kokuquleka. Isiguli esiba nokuquleka okukodwa kuphela ekuphileni kwaso asibhekwa njengesifo sokuwa.

Balinganiselwa ezigidini ezingama-65 iziguli zesithuthwane emhlabeni. Nakuba okwamanje ungekho umuthi onganikeza ukwelashwa okuqondile kwesithuthwane, yisifo esingalawuleka ngamasu nemithi yokuvimbela ukuquleka.

Kuyini Ukuquleka Kwesifo sokuwa?

Ukuquleka, okwenzeka ngenxa yoshintsho emisebenzini kagesi yobuchopho futhi kungase kuhambisane nezimpawu ezifana nokundindizela okunamandla nokulahlekelwa ukwazi nokulawula, kuyinkinga yezempilo ebalulekile eyayikhona ezinsukwini zokuqala zempucuko.

Ukuquleka kwenzeka ngenxa yokukhuthazwa okuvunyelanisiwe kweqembu lamaseli ezinzwa ohlelweni lwezinzwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kwezinye izimo zokuquleka, ukufinyela kwemisipha kungase kuhambisane nokuquleka.

Nakuba isifo sokuwa nokuquleka kungamagama asetshenziswa ngokufanayo, empeleni awasho into efanayo. Umehluko phakathi kokuquleka nokuquleka ukuthi isifo sokuwa yisifo esibonakala ngokuquleka okuphindaphindiwe nokuzenzakalelayo. Umlando wokuquleka okukodwa awubonisi ukuthi umuntu unesifo sokuwa.

Ziyini izimbangela zesithuthwane?

Izindlela eziningi ezahlukene zingase zibe neqhaza ekwakhiweni kwesithuthwane. Ukungalingani phakathi kwezimo zokuphumula nezijabulisayo zezinzwa kungase kudale isisekelo se-neurobiological esiwumsuka wokuquleka wesifo sokuwa.

Imbangela ewumsuka ayinakunqunywa ngokugcwele kuzo zonke izimo zesithuthwane. Izinkinga zokubeletha, ukuhlukumezeka ekhanda ngenxa yezingozi ezidlule, umlando wokubeletha okunzima, ukungahambi kahle kwemithambo yegazi emithanjeni yobuchopho lapho usukhulile, izifo ezinomkhuhlane ophakeme, ushukela wegazi ophansi kakhulu, ukuhoxiswa kotshwala, amathumba e-intracranial kanye nokuvuvukala kobuchopho ngezinye zezimbangela ezihlonziwe. njengoba kuhlobene nokuthambekela kokuba nokuquleka. Isifo sokuwa singenzeka noma nini kusukela ebuntwaneni kuya ebudaleni obudala.

Ziningi izimo ezingase zandise amathuba omuntu okuba nesifo sokuwa:

Ubudala

Isifo sokuwa singabonakala kunoma yiliphi iqembu lobudala, kodwa amaqembu eminyaka lapho lesi sifo sitholakala khona kakhulu ngabantu abasebancane nangemuva kweminyaka engama-55.

Ukutheleleka ebuchosheni

Ayanda amathuba okuba nesifo sokuwa ezifweni eziqhubeka nokuvuvukala, njenge-meningitis (ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lobuchopho) kanye ne-encephalitis (ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zobuchopho).

Ukuhlukunyezwa Kwezingane

Ukuquleka okungahlangene nesifo sokuwa kungase kwenzeke kwezinye izingane ezincane. Ukuquleka, okwenzeka ikakhulukazi ezifweni ezihambisana nokushisa okukhulu, ngokuvamile kuyanyamalala njengoba ingane ikhula. Kwezinye izingane, lokhu kuquleka kungase kuphele ngokukhula kwesithuthwane.

ukuwohloka komqondo

Kungase kube khona ukuthambekela ekuthuthukisweni kwesithuthwane ezifweni ezifana nesifo i-Alzheimers, esiqhubeka nokulahlekelwa imisebenzi yokuqonda.

Umlando Womndeni

Abantu abanezihlobo eziseduze ezinesifo sokuwa babhekwa njengabasengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo. Cishe ku-5% ukuthambekela kwalesi sifo ezinganeni ezinomama noma uyise onesifo sokuwa.

Ama-Head Traumas

Isifo sokuwa singase senzeke kubantu ngemva kokulimala ekhanda njengokuwa kanye nomthelela. Kubalulekile ukuvikela ikhanda nomzimba ngezinto ezifanele ngesikhathi semisebenzi efana nokuhamba ngebhayisikili, ukushushuluza eqhweni kanye nokugibela izithuthuthu.

Ukuphazamiseka Kwemithambo

Ukushaywa unhlangothi, okwenzeka ngenxa yezimo ezinjengokuvaleka noma ukopha emithanjeni yegazi okubangela umoya-mpilo kanye nokwesekwa okunempilo kobuchopho, kungabangela ukulimala kwengqondo. Izicubu ezilimele ebuchosheni zingabangela ukuquleka endaweni, kubangele abantu babe nesifo sokuwa.

Yiziphi izimpawu zesithuthwane?

Ezinye izinhlobo zesithuthwane zingenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa noma ngokulandelana, okubangela izimpawu nezimpawu eziningi kubantu. Ubude besikhathi bezimpawu bungase buhluke kusukela kumasekhondi ambalwa kuye kumaminithi angu-15.

Ezinye izimpawu zibalulekile ngoba zenzeka ngaphambi kokuquleka kwesithuthwane:

Isimo esisheshayo sokwesaba okukhulu nokukhathazeka
Isicanucanu
Isiyezi
Izinguquko ezihlobene nombono
Ukuntuleka kokulawula okuyingxenye ekuhambeni kwezinyawo nezandla
Uzizwa sengathi uyaphuma emzimbeni wakho
Ikhanda elibuhlungu

Izimpawu ezehlukene ezenzeka ngemva kwalezi zimo zingase zibonise ukuthi umuntu uke waba nokuquleka:

Ukudideka kulandela ukulahlekelwa ukwazi
Ukufinyela kwemisipha okungalawuleki
Igwebu eliphuma emlonyeni
Ukuwa
Ukunambitheka okungavamile emlonyeni
Ukuhlanganisa amazinyo
Ukuluma ulimi
Ukunyakaza kwamehlo ngokushesha okukhulu
Ukwenza imisindo engajwayelekile futhi engasho lutho
Ukulahlekelwa ukulawula amathumbu nesinye
Ukushintsha kwemizwa kungazelelwe

Yiziphi Izinhlobo Zokuquleka?

Ziningi izinhlobo zokuquleka ezingachazwa ngokuthi yisifo sokuwa. Ukunyakaza kwamehlo kafushane kubizwa ngokuthi ukungabikho kokuquleka. Uma ukuquleka kwenzeka engxenyeni eyodwa kuphela yomzimba, kubizwa ngokuthi i-focal seizure. Uma ukufinyela kwenzeka emzimbeni wonke ngesikhathi sokuquleka, isiguli silahlekelwa umchamo futhi sikhihlize amagwebu emlonyeni, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuquleka okujwayelekile.

Ekubanjweni okujwayelekile, kukhona ukukhishwa kwe-neuronal engxenyeni enkulu yobuchopho, kanti ekubanjweni kwesifunda, yisifunda esisodwa sobuchopho (okugxile) esibandakanyekayo esenzakalweni. Ekubanjweni okugxilile, ukwazi kungase kuvuliwe noma kuvaliwe. Ukuquleka okuqale ngokugxila kakhulu kungase kusabalele. Ukuquleka okugxile kuhlolwa ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu. Ukuquleka okugxilile okugxile kanye nokubanjwa okuyinkimbinkimbi (okuyinkimbinkimbi) kuhlanganisa lezi zinhlobo ezi-2 ezincane zokubanjwa okugxilile.

Kubalulekile ukugcina ukwazi ngokuquleka okugxilile futhi lezi ziguli zingaphendula imibuzo nemiyalo ngesikhathi sokuquleka. Ngasikhathi sinye, abantu ngemuva kokubanjwa okulula okugxilwe kukho bangakhumbula inqubo yokubamba. Ekubanjeni okugxilile okuyinkimbinkimbi, kuba noshintsho ekuqapheleni noma ekulahlekelweni ukwazi, ngakho laba bantu abakwazi ukuphendula ngendlela efanele emibuzweni nemiyalo ngesikhathi sokuquleka.

Ukuhlukanisa lezi zithunjwa ezimbili ezibalulekile kubalulekile ngoba abantu abanokubanjwa okugxilile okuyinkimbinkimbi akufanele bahlanganyele emisebenzini efana nokushayela noma ukusebenzisa imishini esindayo.

Ezinye izimpawu nezimpawu zingase zenzeke ezigulini ezinesithuthwane ezibhekana nokuquleka okugxilwe kakhulu:

Ukunyakazisa noma ukunyakazisa ezingxenyeni zomzimba ezifana nezingalo nemilenze
Ukushintsha kwemizwa kungazelelwe okwenzeka ngaphandle kwanoma yisiphi isizathu
Izinkinga ekukhulumeni nasekuqondeni okukhulunywayo
Umuzwa we-deja vu, noma umuzwa wokuvuselela umuzwa ngokuphindaphindiwe
Imizwa engakhululekile njengokukhuphuka kwesisu (epigastric) nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
Imizwa engemihle, ukukhanya kokukhanya, noma ukuncenceza okukhulu okwenzeka ngaphandle kwanoma yisiphi isikhuthazo emizweni enjengephunga, ukunambitha, noma ukuzwa.

Ekubanjweni okugxilile okuyinkimbinkimbi, ushintsho lwenzeka ezingeni lomuntu lokuqwashisa, futhi lezi zinguquko ekuqapheleni zingase zihambisane nezimpawu eziningi ezahlukene:

Imizwa ehlukahlukene (i-aura) ekhombisa ukukhula kokuquleka
Ukubheka okungenalutho kubheke endaweni engashintshi
Ukunyakaza okungenanjongo, okungenanjongo nokuphindaphindayo (i-automatism)
Ukuphindaphinda amagama, ukuklabalasa, ukuhleka nokukhala
Ukungaphenduli

Ekubanjweni okujwayelekile, izingxenye eziningi zobuchopho zidlala indima ekukhuleni kokuquleka. Kunezinhlobo eziyisi-6 sezizonke zokuquleka okujwayelekile:

Ohlotsheni lwe-tonic lokubanjwa, kukhona ukugoqa okuqhubekayo, okuqinile nokunamandla engxenyeni ethintekile yomzimba. Ukushintsha kwethoni yemisipha kungabangela ukuqina kwale misipha. Imisipha yengalo, yomlenze nengemuva ingamaqembu emisipha avame ukuthinteka kakhulu ohlotsheni lwe-tonic seizure. Izinguquko ekuqapheleni azibonwa kulolu hlobo lokubanjwa.

I-Tonic seizures ivame ukwenzeka phakathi nokulala futhi ubude bayo buhluka phakathi kwamasekhondi angu-5 no-20.

Ohlotsheni lwe-clonic seizure, ukufinyela okuphindaphindiwe kwe-rhythmic nokuphumula kungase kwenzeke emisipha ethintekile. Imisipha yentamo, yobuso nengalo ingamaqembu emisipha avame ukuthinteka kulolu hlobo lokuquleka. Ukunyakaza okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokudlikiza akukwazi ukumiswa ngokuzithandela.

I-Tonic-clonic seizures nayo ibizwa ngokuthi i-grand mal seizures, okusho ukugula okukhulu ngesiFulentshi. Lolu hlobo lokubamba luvame ukuhlala phakathi kwemizuzu engu-1-3, futhi uma luhlala isikhathi eside kunemizuzu engu-5, lungenye yezimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha ezidinga ukungenelela. Izinhlungu zomzimba, ukundindizela, ukungakwazi ukulawula amathumbu nesinye, ukuluma ulimi nokulahlekelwa ukwazi ngezinye zezimpawu ezingase zenzeke phakathi nalolu hlobo lokuquleka.

Abantu abanokuquleka kwe-tonic-clonic bazizwa bekhathele kakhulu ngemva kokubanjwa futhi abakhumbuli nhlobo isikhathi okwenzeka ngaso lesi sigameko.

Ekubanjweni kwe-atonic, okungolunye uhlobo lokuquleka okujwayelekile, abantu balahlekelwa ukwazi isikhathi esifushane. Igama elithi atony libhekisela ekulahlekelweni kwethoni yemisipha, okuholela ebuthakathakeni bemisipha. Uma abantu beqala ukuba nalolu hlobo lokuquleka, bangase bawele phansi ngokuzumayo uma bemile. Ubude balokhu kudlikiza ngokuvamile bungaphansi kwamasekhondi angu-15.

I-Myoclonic seizures iwuhlobo lokuquleka okujwayelekile okubonakala ngokunyakazisa ngokushesha nangokuzenzakalelayo emisipheni yomlenze neyengalo. Lolu hlobo lokuquleka ngokuvamile luvame ukuthinta amaqembu emisipha ezinhlangothini zombili zomzimba ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Uma ungekho, umuntu akaphenduli futhi amehlo akhe ahlale egxile ephuzwini elilodwa, futhi ukulahlekelwa ukwazi isikhathi esifushane kwenzeka. Kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezineminyaka ephakathi kwe-4-14 futhi kubizwa nangokuthi i-petit mal seizures. Ngesikhathi sokuquleka, ngokuvamile okuvame ukuba ngcono ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-18, izimpawu ezinjengokushaya izindebe, ukuhlafuna, ukuncela, ukunyakazisa njalo noma ukugeza izandla, nokundindizela okucashile emehlweni kungase kwenzeke.

Iqiniso lokuthi ingane iqhubeka nomsebenzi wayo wamanje njengokungathi akwenzekanga lutho ngemva kwalokhu kubanjwa kwesikhathi esifushane kubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni kokuquleka ungekho.

Kukhona futhi uhlobo lokuquleka kwe-somatosensory lapho kuba khona ukuba ndikindiki noma ukuluma kwengxenye yomzimba. Ekubanjweni kwengqondo, imizwa engazelelwe yokwesaba, intukuthelo noma injabulo ingase izwakale. Kungase kuhambisane nokubona izinto ezingekho ezibukwayo noma zokuzwa.

Indlela Yokuxilonga I-Epilepsy?

Ukuxilonga isifo sokuwa, iphethini yokubamba kufanele ichazwe kahle. Ngakho-ke, abantu ababona ukuthunjwa bayadingeka. Lesi sifo silandelwa ngodokotela bezingane noma abadala. Ukuhlolwa okunjenge-EEG, i-MRI, i-computed tomography ne-PET kungase kucelwe ukuze kuxilongwe isiguli. Ukuhlola elabhorethri, kuhlanganise nokuhlolwa kwegazi, kungase kube usizo uma izimpawu zesithuthwane kucatshangwa ukuthi zibangelwa ukungenwa yizifo.

I-Electroencephalography (EEG) ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni kwesithuthwane. Phakathi nalokhu kuhlolwa, imisebenzi kagesi eyenzeka ebuchosheni ingaqoshwa ngenxa yama-electrode ahlukahlukene abekwe ogebhezini. Le misebenzi kagesi ihunyushwa udokotela. Ukutholakala kwemisebenzi engavamile ehlukile kwejwayelekile kungase kubonise ukuba khona kwesithuthwane kulaba bantu.

I-Computerized tomography (CT) ukuhlolwa kwe-radiological okuvumela ukuthwebula kwezingxenye ezahlukene kanye nokuhlolwa kogebhezi. Ngenxa ye-CT, odokotela bahlola ubuchopho ngokuphambana futhi bathole ama-cysts, izimila noma izindawo ezophayo ezingase zidale ukuquleka.

I-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ingolunye ukuhlolwa okubalulekile kwe-radiological okuvumela ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe kwezicubu zobuchopho futhi kuyasiza ekuxilongweni kwesithuthwane. Nge-MRI, izinto ezingavamile ezingase zibangele ukukhula kwesithuthwane zingatholwa ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zobuchopho.

Ekuhlolweni kwe-positron emission tomography (PET), ukusebenza kukagesi kobuchopho kuhlolwa kusetshenziswa imithamo ephansi yezinto ezikhipha imisebe. Ngemva kokuphathwa kwalesi sidakamizwa nge-vein, le nto ilinde ukudlula kwayo ebuchosheni futhi izithombe zithathwe ngosizo lwedivayisi.

Indlela Yokwelapha Isithuthwane?

Ukwelashwa kwesithuthwane kwenziwa ngemithi. Ukuquleka kwesifo sokuwa kungavinjelwa kakhulu ngokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa imithi yesithuthwane njalo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Nakuba kuneziguli ezingaphenduli ekwelashweni kwezidakamizwa, zikhona nezinhlobo zesithuthwane ezingaxazululeka ngokuya ngeminyaka, njengesithuthwane sezingane. Kukhona nezinhlobo zesifo sokuwa ezihlala isikhathi eside. Ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa kungasetshenziswa ezigulini ezingaphenduli ekwelashweni kwezidakamizwa.

Kunemithi eminingi ye-narrow-spectrum antiepileptic enamandla okuvimbela ukuquleka:

Imithi ye-antiepileptic equkethe isithako esisebenzayo i-carbamazepine ingaba wusizo ekubanjweni kwesithuthwane okuvela endaweni yobuchopho etholakala ngaphansi kwamathambo esikhashana (i-temporal lobe). Njengoba izidakamizwa eziqukethe lesi sithako esisebenzayo zihlangana nezinye izidakamizwa eziningi, kubalulekile ukwazisa odokotela ngemithi esetshenziselwa ezinye izimo zezempilo.

Imithi equkethe isithako esisebenzayo i-clobazam, ephuma ku-benzodiazepine, ingasetshenziselwa ukungabikho kanye nokuquleka okugxilwe kukho. Esinye sezici ezibalulekile zale mishanguzo, enemiphumela yokudambisa, ethuthukisa ukulala kanye ne-anti-anxiety, ukuthi ingasetshenziswa nasezinganeni ezincane. Ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe njengokungezwani okukhulu kwesikhumba, nakuba kungavamile, kungase kwenzeke ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa eziqukethe lezi zithako ezisebenzayo.

I-Divalproex isidakamizwa esisebenza ku-neurotransmitter ebizwa ngokuthi i-gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) futhi singasetshenziswa ukwelapha ukungabikho, ukugxila, ukugxila okuyinkimbinkimbi noma ukudlidliza okuningi. Njengoba i-GABA iyinto enomphumela ovimbelayo ebuchosheni, le mithi ingase ibe usizo ekulawuleni isithuthwane.

Imithi equkethe isithako esisebenzayo i-ethosuximide ingasetshenziswa ukulawula konke ukuquleka lapho ungekho.

Olunye uhlobo lomuthi osetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukuquleka okugxilwe kuwo umuthi oqukethe isithako esisebenzayo i-gabapentin. Ukuqapha kufanele kusetshenziswe njengoba imiphumela eminingi engemihle ingase ibe khona ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezine-gabapentin kunezinye izidakamizwa ze-antiepileptic.

Imithi equkethe i-phenobarbital, enye yezidakamizwa ezindala kunazo zonke ezisetshenziselwa ukulawula isithuthwane, ingaba nenzuzo ekubanjweni okujwayelekile, okugxile kanye ne-tonic-clonic. Isiyezi esidlulele singase senzeke ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwemithi equkethe i-phenobarbital, njengoba inemiphumela yesikhathi eside yokudambisa ngaphezu kwemiphumela yayo ye-anticonvulsant (ukuvimbela-ukuvimbela).

Izidakamizwa eziqukethe isithako esisebenzayo i-phenytoin zingolunye uhlobo lwesidakamizwa oluzinzisa ulwelwesi lwamangqamuzana ezinzwa futhi selusetshenziswe ekwelashweni kwe-antiepileptic iminyaka eminingi.

Ngaphandle kwale mishanguzo, imishanguzo ebanzi ye-antiepileptic ingasetshenziswa ezigulini ezibhekana nezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuquleka zihlangene futhi eziba nokuquleka ngenxa yokusebenza ngokweqile ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zobuchopho:

I-Clonazepam iwumuthi we-bezodiazepine osuselwe ku-antiepileptic osebenza isikhathi eside futhi unganqunyelwa ukuvimbela ukubanjwa kwe-myoclonic kanye nokungabikho.
Imithi equkethe isithako esisebenzayo iLamotrigine iphakathi kwemithi elwa nesithuthwane ebanzi engaba wusizo ezinhlotsheni eziningi zokuquleka. Ukuqapha kufanele kusetshenziswe njengesimo sesikhumba esingandile kodwa esibulalayo esibizwa ngokuthi iStevens-Johnson Syndrome singase senzeke ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwale mithi.

Ukuquleka okuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamaminithi angu-5 noma okwenzeka ngokulandelana ngaphandle kwesikhathi esiningi phakathi kuchazwa ngokuthi isimo sokuwa. Imithi equkethe i-lorazepam, esinye isithako esisebenzayo esitholakala kuma-benzodiazepines, ingase ibe nenzuzo ekulawuleni lolu hlobo lokuquleka.

Imithi equkethe i-levetiracetam yenza iqembu lezidakamizwa elisetshenziswa ekwelapheni okugxilile, okujwayelekile, ukungabikho noma ezinye izinhlobo eziningi zokuquleka. Esinye isici esibalulekile sale mithi, engasetshenziswa kubo bonke ubudala, ukuthi idala imiphumela engemihle embalwa kuneminye esetshenziselwa ukwelapha isithuthwane.

Ngaphandle kwale mithi, izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-valproic acid, esebenza ku-GABA, nazo ziphakathi kwemithi elwa nesithuthwane ebanzi.

Angasizwa Kanjani Umuntu Onesifo Sokuquleka?

Uma othile enesifo sokuwa eduze nawe, kufanele:

Okokuqala, hlala uzolile futhi ubeke isiguli endaweni engeke ilimaze. Kungaba ngcono ukuyijikisa eceleni.
Ungazami ukumisa ngamandla ukunyakaza futhi uvule umhlathi wakhe noma ukhiphe ulimi lwakhe.
Khulula izinto zesiguli njengamabhande, othayi namaduku.
Ungazami ukumphuzisa amanzi, angase agwilize.
Asikho isidingo sokuvusa umuntu onesifo sokuwa.

Izinto iziguli zesithuthwane okufanele zizinake:

Thatha imithi yakho ngesikhathi.
Gcina ikhadi elisho ukuthi unesifo sokuwa.
Gwema imisebenzi efana nokugibela izihlahla noma ukulenga kuvulandi namathafa.
Ungabhukudi uwedwa.
Ungakhiyi umnyango wegumbi lokugezela.
Ungahlali phambi kwesibani esihlala sibaneka, njengomabonakude, isikhathi eside.
Ungakwazi ukuzivocavoca, kodwa qaphela ukuthi ungaphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
Gwema ukukhathala ngokweqile nokuqwasha.
Qaphela ukuthi ungashaywa ikhanda.

Yimiphi Ubungcweti Abangakwazi Ukuyenza Iziguli Zesithuthwane?

Iziguli ezinesifo sokuwa azikwazi ukusebenza emisebenzini efana nokushayela izindiza, ukutshuza, ukuhlinza, ukusebenza ngemishini yokusika nokumba, imisebenzi edinga ukusebenzela ezindaweni eziphakeme, ukugibela izintaba, ukushayela izimoto, izicishamlilo, kanye nenkonzo yamaphoyisa nezempi edinga ukusetshenziswa kwezikhali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli ezinesifo sokuwa kufanele zazise izindawo zazo zokusebenza ngesimo esihlobene nesifo.