Iyini i-COPD? Yiziphi izimpawu nezindlela zokwelapha? Ihlolwa kanjani i-COPD?

Isifo se-COPD, esiqanjwe ngamagama okuqala amagama athi Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, siwumphumela wokuvaleka kwamasaka omoya emaphashini okuthiwa yi-bronchi; Kuyisifo esingelapheki esidala ukukhononda njengokuphefumula kanzima, ukukhwehlela kanye nokuphelelwa umoya. Umoya ohlanzekile ogcwalisa amaphaphu ngokuphefumula udonswa yi-bronchi futhi umoya-mpilo oqukethwe emoyeni ohlanzekile ulethwa ezicutshini ngegazi. Uma kwenzeka i-COPD, i-bronchi iyavaleka, okwenza amandla wamaphaphu ehle kakhulu. Kulokhu, umoya omusha othathiwe awukwazi ukumuncwa ngokwanele emaphashini, ngakho-ke i-oxygen eyanele ayikwazi ukulethwa egazini nezicubu.

Itholakala kanjani i-COPD?

Uma umuntu ebhema, ukuba khona kokuphefumula isikhathi eside, ukukhwehlela kanye nezikhalazo zesikhwehlela kuthathwa njengokwanele ukuhlonza i-COPD, kodwa ukuhlolwa kokuphefumula kokuphefumula kufanele kwenziwe ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okuqondile. Ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kokuphefumula, okwenziwa phakathi nemizuzu embalwa, kwenziwa umuntu odonsa umoya ojulile futhi afuthe kumshini wokuphefumula. Lokhu kuhlola, okunikeza ulwazi olulula mayelana nomthamo wamaphaphu kanye nesigaba sesifo, uma sikhona, kufanele kwenziwe okungenani kanye ngonyaka, ikakhulukazi ababhemayo abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-40.

Yiziphi izimpawu ze-COPD?

Elinye iphuzu elibaluleke njengempendulo yombuzo othi " Iyini i-COPD? " kubhekwa njengezimpawu zeCOPD nokulandela izimpawu ngendlela efanele. Nakuba umthamo wamaphaphu uncipha kakhulu ngenxa yalesi sifo, izimpawu ezinjengokuphelelwa umoya, ukukhwehlela kanye ne-phlegm ziyabonakala njengoba umoya-mpilo owanele awukwazi ukulethwa ezicutshini.

• Ukuphefumula, okwenzeka ezinyathelweni zokuqala ngenxa yemisebenzi efana nokuhamba ngokushesha, ukugibela izitebhisi noma ukugijima, kuba yinkinga engabonwa ngisho nangesikhathi sokulala ezigabeni zakamuva zesifo.
• Nakuba izinkinga zokukhwehlela kanye ne-phlegm zibonakala njengezimpawu ezenzeka kuphela emahoreni asekuseni ezigabeni zokuqala, njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, izimpawu ze-COPD ezifana nokukhwehlela okukhulu kanye ne-phlegm eqinile ziyabonakala.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-COPD?

Kuyaziwa ukuthi ingozi enkulu ekuveleni kwe-COPD ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi kanye nemikhiqizo efanayo kagwayi, futhi izigameko zesifo zikhula kakhulu kubantu ababhekene nentuthu yale mikhiqizo. Ucwaningo olwenziwe yiWorld Health Organisation luveza ukuthi izimo zomoya ongcolile zisebenza kahle kakhulu ekuqubukeni kweCOPD. Ezindaweni zokusebenza; Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ukungcoliswa komoya ngenxa yothuli, intuthu, amakhemikhali nezinto ezibaswayo eziphilayo ezifana nezinkuni nobulongwe obusetshenziswa ezindaweni zasekhaya kubangela ukuvinjelwa ku-bronchi futhi umthamo wamaphaphu uyancipha kakhulu.

Yiziphi izigaba ze-COPD?

Lesi sifo siqanjwe ngezigaba ezi-4 ezihlukene: ezithambile, ezimaphakathi, ezinzima futhi ezinzima kakhulu zeCOPD, kuye ngobunzima bezimpawu.

• I-COPD Emnene: Uphawu lokuphelelwa umoya olungase lwenzeke ngesikhathi somsebenzi omkhulu noma imisebenzi edinga umzamo, njengokukhuphuka izitebhisi noma ukuthwala imithwalo. Lesi sigaba saziwa nangokuthi isigaba sokuqala sesifo.
• I-COPD emaphakathi: Lesi yisigaba se-COPD esingaphazamisi ukulala ebusuku kodwa esibangela ukuphelelwa umoya ngesikhathi semisebenzi elula yansuku zonke.
• I-COPD Enzima: Yisigaba sesifo lapho isikhalo sokuphelelwa umoya siphazamisa ngisho nokulala ebusuku, futhi inkinga yokukhathala ngenxa yokucindezeleka kokuphefumula kuvimbela ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke.
• I-COPD Enzima Kakhulu: Kulesi sigaba, ukuphefumula kuba nzima kakhulu, umuntu uba nobunzima bokuhamba ngisho nangaphakathi endlini, futhi ukuphazamiseka kwenzeka ezithweni ezihlukahlukene ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuletha umoya-mpilo owanele ezicutshini. Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo kungase kuthuthuke ngenxa yesifo samaphaphu esiqhubekayo, futhi kulokhu, isiguli ngeke sikwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kokusekelwa komoya-mpilo.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ze-COPD?

Ukwelashwa kwe-COPD ngokuvamile kuhilela ukungenelela okuhloswe ukunciphisa ubunzima bezimpawu nokungakhululeki, kunokuqeda lesi sifo. Kuleli qophelo, isinyathelo sokuqala sokwelashwa kufanele kube ukuyeka ukubhema, uma kusetshenziswa, nokuhlala kude nezindawo ezinokungcoliswa komoya. Ngokuyeka ugwayi, ubunzima bokuvinjwa kwe-bronchi buyehliswa kancane futhi isikhalazo somuntu sokuphelelwa umoya siyancipha kakhulu.

Ugwayi, umlutha nezindlela zokuyeka ukubhema

Izindlela zokwelapha ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zihlanganisa ukwelapha nge-oxygen, imithi ye-bronchodilator kanye nezivivinyo zokuphefumula. I-COPD, edinga ukulawulwa njalo futhi ithuthuka ngokushesha uma ingelashwa, ingesinye sezifo ezehlisa kakhulu izinga lempilo. Ukuze uphile impilo enempilo nesezingeni eliphezulu, ungathola ukwesekwa kochwepheshe eMnyangweni Wezifo Zesifuba ukuze uyeke ukubhema ngaphambi kokuba kuphuze kakhulu futhi uvimbele i-COPD ngokuhlola amaphaphu njalo.